
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are both enveloped RNA mosquito‐borne viruses belonging to Togaviridae and Flaviviridae families, respectively. DENV is distributed into four serotypes (DENV‐1, DENV‐2, DENV‐3, and DENV‐4) and CHIKV has...

Canadian Blood Services serves as the exclusive Canadian blood operator outside the province of Quebec. Approximately 800,00–900,000 allogeneic blood donations are collected by Canadian Blood Services annually, with the majority of donations (92%) from repeat donors. Blood transfusion carries residual...

Malaria is caused by several protozoan parasite species in the genus Plasmodium. The blood stage of infection is associated with malaria symptoms, ranging from mild fever to severe complications that can result in death. Diagnostic methods in endemic areas have traditionally relied on the microscopic...

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non‐enveloped RNA virus. In most cases, HAV infection in adults is either asymptomatic and self‐limited or with only moderate intensity clinical symptoms. In fewer than 0.5% of infected individuals, a fulminant presentation can develop, although even in these...