Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) have been spreading geographically, which is largely attributed to climate change [1–4]. As new areas become suitable for vectors and pathogens, the threat to unexposed populations grows [5]. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a zoonotic disease transmitted by mosquitoes...
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a flavivirus primarily transmitted by mosquitoes of the Culex genus. JE is a significant public health concern, causing around 100,000 cases and 25,000 deaths each year globally [1, 2]....